Showing posts with label American Beech. Show all posts
Showing posts with label American Beech. Show all posts

Thursday, December 19, 2013

A Tribute to Some Tremendous Trees

Everyone remembers the first time they experienced the emotion of falling in love.  That moment of realization and cognizance that nothing else can compare to what you have grown to hold so dear.  If you're lucky those feelings never fade and only increase exponentially as time inevitably marches forward.  For your blogger it was trees that first tugged at his heart strings, botanically-speaking, of course.

Trees are the modern day kings of the vascular plant world and among the most massive and oldest individual (and clonal) organisms on the face of our planet.  There's just something about them that has kindled respect and astonishment from me at even a young age.  Whether reacquainting myself with an old friend who has seen many a spring thawing and winter's chill or gazing upon a stately stranger I've only just met, each moment spent under their sprawling ceiling of limbs, branches, and twigs is precious.  Their role and importance in any ecosystem cannot be understated and without them the world would be without us and millions of other beings. Trees truly are the heart and soul of our natural world.

In my travels both near and far, I've always kept a keen eye open for any spectacular individuals that just beg to be documented with the camera.  Rarely does any photograph ever truly forge or recreate the same awestruck feeling of disbelief and/or amazement as in person but I've done my best pick out those that at least try their very hardest.  The character and personality these mighty wooden sentinels are capable of displaying are not unlike our own as human beings when you take the time to notice.  Trees are the ultimate prize of time, patience, and opportunity.

One of the largest Sitka spruce trees left on the planet

Let's start off with a bang and an experience that left me feeling rather small and immensely humbled.  This monstrosity of a conifer on the Olympic peninsula of Washington state is one of the largest Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) trees left on the planet.  It's thought to be over one thousand years old and is still packing on more and more wood annually.  For more on this tree and other virgin temperate rain forest giants, you can check out the post about my visit to this lush land HERE.

Forest-grown white oak in Gross Woods
Old-growth bitternut hickory






















I often times enjoy making an attempt to liken the feel of my current-day photographs to that of a time over a century earlier with a black and white scheme.  It gives the slight impression of what it might have felt like to stand next to the leviathans long lost to the saw and ax.  It's a sad reality that we lose these relics of the past much faster and more frequently than nature can replace them; especially in a time where land development and alteration is occurring at an ever-accelerating pace.

Blogger and the great white oak of Logan, Ohio

Few trees leave me more breathless than the Great White Oak in the old cemetery of Logan, Ohio.  If someone knows of a plumper, more impressive tree specimen in the state I'd love to see it because I can't imagine many could ever compare.  Estimates put this tree at near/over 500 years old.  That's 500 years of Mother Nature's fury combined with human development and stress that hasn't seemed to slow this gargantuan beast down. Giving this white oak a hug should be on every nature-appreciating Ohioan's bucket list!

Ancient white pine in the Adirondack Mountains
Ancient white pines in the Adirondacks of NY






















A road trip to the southern Adirondacks of upstate New York a couple summers ago introduced me to some genuine Northeast white pines (Pinus strobus) that I will never forget.  White pine has long been a treasured and renowned species for its tall, straight growth habit that was perfect for ship building.  Subsequently, almost all the old-growth pine stands in New England met their sawmill fates well over a century ago with very few groves still remaining.  The tree pictured top left is believed to be one of the largest/oldest white pine's left in the Adirondacks at over 350 years old and 150'+ tall!

Giant white cedar on South Manitou Island in Lake Michigan

Nestled in a remote corner of South Manitou Island in Lake Michigan survives a small grove of virgin white cedars (Thuja occidentalis) that have reached unbelievable dimensions like the one shown here.  In fact, the largest white cedar on Earth once called this small island home before falling over in a violent storm not too long ago. Perhaps this one here is its successor?

Old-growth beech in a SE Indiana wet flatwoods
An ancient beech at Fort Hill in Highland Co., OH






















Few trees have the same look and feel as the timeless beech (Fagus grandifolia) in my opinion.  Their smooth, ghostly grey trunks always seem to emit a warm glow in the shade of the forest.

An exceptional tuliptree from southern Ohio

If the white pine is the monarch of the conifers in Eastern North America, then the tuliptree or tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) is the monarch of its broadleaf brethren.  This fast-growing but potentially long-lived species is the tallest angiosperm we have in our eastern forests and once scraped the heavens at over 200 feet tall in the primeval forests.  Today, it doesn't reach nearly as high but 180'+ specimens do exist.  This particular tuliptree from southern Ohio exhibits the remarkable diameters these behemoths are also known for.

Impressive red oak in Glen Helen
Single-stem sycamore of nice proportions






















Not exactly record-setters but this red oak and sycamore from the Yellow Springs area are hardly anything to ignore.  Single-stem sycamores of this size aren't an every day sight anymore despite trees like this (and much bigger) were nearly a dime a dozen along our waterways in pre-settlement times.

Dan Boone and Rick Gardner walking through Daughmer Oak Savanna in Crawford Co., Ohio

Few places instill the flavor and atmosphere of a pre-settlement western Ohio like the few oak savannas we have left in our state.  For centuries many a stalwart bur, white, and/or post oak watched over the open, seasonally wet grasslands that once pocketed the glaciated Wisconsin till plain before man's plow bit into its virgin sod...

Massive bur oak on a Columbus-area golf course

Not even a rare appearance on the golf course can distract your blogger from noticing the ancient monoliths of Ohio's past.  This hardy bur oak had its roots in the soil long before carts whizzed past without so much as a glance from their occupants.  Standing next to this particular giant gave me pause when I considered its view of tall grass prairie choked full of spectacular summer wildflowers was only a distant memory and forever lost to the past.  Just goes to show that nothing ever stays the same, even for a tree.

Huge white ash in a west-central Ohio woodlot
Giant bur oak in Goll Woods in NW Ohio



However, it's not all doom and gloom as even in a heavily farmed and developed state like Ohio, some woodlots still persist with scattered individuals linking the present to our storied past.  The white ash (Fraxinus americana) pictured above left is the largest single trunked specimen I've yet seen even if its crown is largely dead and/or missing.  Bur oaks like the one above are a mesmerizing sight upon entering one of the last vestiges of the Great Black Swamp in Goll Woods state nature preserve in extreme northwest Ohio.

Largest black walnut the blogger has ever laid eyes on
Even better is coming across an example of a tree species you could barely believe still exists in such dimensions. Black walnuts (Juglans nigra) were, and still are quick to be harvested for their very valuable and beautiful wood and thus hard to find in a large size.  While not prime lumber grade, this particular black walnut in Buck Creek state park was and still is by far the largest I've ever laid eyes on.  

Snow covered scene in Davey Woods state nature preserve

The winter woods and its bare, skeletal canopy is a silent testament to nature's beauty no matter the season.  The forest seems to speak and beckon you in with its creaks and groans emitting from the chilled air.  Each tree set against the snow becomes an individual with a unique story and form and a tranquility to it all that words can't quite touch.

Old-growth swamp chestnut oak/sweet gum/beech woods in southeastern Indiana

A lovely example of an old-growth wet flat woods in southeastern Indiana full of trees three to four feet in diameter and rocketing over 100' into the sky.  Swamp chestnut oak, sweet gum, and beech are the primary occupants with thick, stout trunks that are slow to taper as they ascend.

Dan Boone and a mighty swamp chestnut oak
Looking up the column of the same oak






















The most impressive denizens of this particular wet flat woods were the swamp chestnut oaks (Quercus michauxii), a species that doesn't quite make it north/east enough to occur in Ohio.  My good friend and brilliant botanist, Dan Boone poses next to one of the largest specimens of them all with the accompanying photograph showing the incredible volume of wood reaching into the heavens.

Exceptional sweetgum from SE Indiana

But then again, the sweetgums (Liquidambar styraciflua) in the same woods and other nearby old-growth flat woods aren't anything to pass over either!


I could go on and on in sharing my favorite trees but I will end it with one of the most impressive trees (height-wise) I've yet seen.  This shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa) from another wet flat woods in southeastern Indiana is estimated at over 150' tall and three feet in diameter.  I'd love to get back out with the necessary tools and information to get a more educated height but regardless it's one imposing tree!  It's hard to fathom how this tree has survived who knows how many winter storms, squall lines, and ice events to still astound this tree-loving botanist today!

Monday, April 4, 2011

Tribbett Woods Nature Preserve


Finally!  After about ten straight days of chilled temperatures and overcast skies the sun came out to play yesterday and not a moment too soon.  Today was the day I was to meet up with friend and botanist/naturalist extraordinaire, Daniel Boone.  Now, I know what you're thinking, "How in the world could you go botanizing with the legendary pioneer and frontiersman who died almost 200 years ago?".  Obviously not the same man but they are directly related and both grew up to be accomplished and respected outdoorsmen.  Being able to spend time out in the field talking plants and natural history with someone as passionate and knowledgeable as Dan is worth its weight in gold and unbeatable for a botanical nerd like me.  Our area of focus for this expedition was the Southeastern quarter of Indiana, hitting a number of parks and preserves that held some unusual and rare sights.  There's no way I could properly tell the tale of our journey in one posting so I've decided to break it up into two; each with plenty of excitement to accompany the reader.  One stop along the way was an old-growth woods in Jennings County, outside the town of Commiskey, Indiana.  I've been to a number of old-growth forests in Ohio and Michigan of varying forest types but this proved to be one of the best and captivating of them all.

 *Remember to click on the pictures to view them in a more detailed, higher resolution!*

Tribbett Woods
Sweetgum and Beech fruits






















Tribbett Woods Nature Preserve is one of the best remaining examples of an ancient southeastern flatwoods left in the state of Indiana today.  These forests grow on slow draining, light colored clay soils that create peculiar growing conditions that cause the unusual tree associations witnessed in places like Tribbett.  This forest type is found commonly throughout this area of Indiana known as the Bluegrass Natural Region but rare just about everywhere else.  Looking at the picture above, those who know their trees can deduct that Tribbett's unique forest type is that of American Beech (Fagus grandifolia) and Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua).  You've all heard of Beech/Maple, Oak/Hickory, Mixed Mesophytic etc., but Beech/Sweetgum?  It wasn't just the forest type that proved unusual but also some of the other species found inside and the unbelievable size some of the denizens show off.

American Beech
American Beech






















The most commonly occurring tree in the wet woods was the Beech.  The stout, tall columns of the smooth and pasty Beeches really stood out against the darker colored trunks of the surrounding Sweetgums, Swamp Chestnut Oaks (Quercus michauxii) and Red Maples (Acer rubrum).  You can begin to gain an appreciation for the size of these trees when comparing a kneeling Dan to the accompanying behemoths.  The wet and mushy understory was comprised mostly of Spicebush (Lindera benzoin), Pawpaw (Asimina triloba), Musclewood (Carpinus caroliniana) and Beech saplings with many vernal pools scattered across the landscape.  Like a lot of other old-growth woods I've frequented, the understory of this woods was relatively open.  With such tall and thick canopies you try getting adequate amounts of sunlight during the growing season!  The herbaceous layer was just coming to life with Spring and Purple Cress (Cardamine bulbosa, C. douglasii), Spring Beauties (Claytonia virginica), Yellow Trout-lilies (Erythronium americanum) and LeConte's Violet (Viola affinis) just starting to bloom or bud.

Sweetgum
Sweetgum






















While I've had plenty of opportunities to gawk at ancient, gargantuan Beech trees in the past it was the Sweetgum leviathans that I loved the most.  Almost all of the Sweetgums I've ever seen have been in landscaping or planted in Zaleski state forest and Wayne National; it was refreshing to see them in their indigenous habitat.  Not to mention in proportions you will never see in Ohio.  To slowly walk around the woods, stepping on hundreds of dried, spiky Sweetgum fruit pods, pushing them into the saturated ground instead of crunching them on concrete as I walk through the parking lot at school was a fun experience I took the time to enjoy and appreciate.

Shellbark Hickory
Shellbark Hickory






















This next tree on display didn't come close to making the list of 'biggest diameters' but it's height was almost unmatched in the entire forest.  This Shellbark Hickory (Carya laciniosa) launched into the canopy like a space shuttle on launch day.  I would give an honest estimation of 150+ feet in height and I think Dan would back me up on that.  He's a professional arborist and has seen more trees of varying sizes than you, me, your neighbor and the entire town of Athens combined, so when he said it was one of, if not the tallest Shellbark he'd ever seen I took notice.  With the trees ever nearing their respective leaf out dates I'm thankful we got to see this woodland in its 'winter' state.  So much easier to witness and appreciate these colossal trees when naked...the trees, that is.

Swamp Chestnut Oaks
Swamp Chestnut Oak






















Dan was kind enough to pose with these stellar examples of time-tested Swamp Chestnut Oaks (Quercus michauxii) to help you guys get a sense of their monstrosity.  Photographing old-growth woods is a tough challange; it's impossible to ever portray the woods even half as impressive as they truly are.  I've heard of Swamp Chestnut Oaks before but never had the chance to see one in person.  Southern Indiana is the extreme northern edge of its western range, so if any Ohioan wants to see these trees in their native habitat, southeast Indiana is as close as it gets; they are much more common in the Gulf and Atlantic coastal states.

Swamp Chestnut Oak
Swamp Chestnut Oak






















Named Swamp Chestnut for its leaves that strongly resemble those of the Ohio native Chestnut Oak (Quercus prinus) but easily told apart in its overlapping ranges by the bark and habitat.  Both of these Swamp Chestnut Oaks towered into the canopy at well over 120 feet and straight as an arrow.  To see trees these thick that hardly taper as they rise into the sky is an impressive sight that never grows old.

Blackgum
Blackgum






















One of my favorite surprises inside Tribbett Woods were the few examples of astonishingly proportioned Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica) trees scattered here and there.  At first glance most people would probably see the blocky bark and just assume a species of Ash (Fraxinus spp.) since I would imagine few people have ever laid eyes on Blackgums like this.  The only other time I've ever seen one this size is a lone one in an old cemetery in downtown Logan, Ohio (right next to the beefiest, thickest White Oak I've ever seen).  Once they grow to this size they exhibit almost no signs of their normally distinctive 90 degree branching, which can make identification a pain in the behind, but with some practice and familiarity you can pick them out based on their bark color/pattern.

Sweetgums
White Oak


















 



As we continued through the preserve the forest continued to reveal more and more trees of fantastic proportions.  While the weather was warm with temperatures near 80 degrees and sunny skies, the wind was the major atmospheric factor of concern for the day.  Being in a forest as ancient as this with plenty of old, dead trees still standing and other living trees with large, potentially brittle branches it was necessary to keep a heads up while hiking around.  There was a positive side to it though.  The sound of the wind rushing through the skyscraper trees and the rustling and waving of the branches so high above us was music to my ears.  There's just a certain way an old-growth woods sounds in the wind that's unlike any other woods you will ever visit.  People always seem to be too busy getting from point A to point B on a hike or walk to take the time to stop and just appreciate the sounds around you.  Anyone who knows me and frequently hikes with me knows I am notorious for being a very slow and methodical hiker, only taking a few steps every so often.  The faster you go, the more you miss.

I can't thank Dan enough for introducing me to this fantastic and mesmerizing old-growth woodland  and being a good sport about posing with those mighty trees.  Visiting places like this never get old and it's my genuine hope and dream that places like this are protected forever as well as to allow current maturing woods the time to reach sizes and proportions such as this for future generations to see.  Ancient, old-growth forest is a ecosystem one can never have too much of.
 
Tune in the next or two for my second part dedicated to all the other places and plants we saw.  I thought this woods deserved it's own individual post dedicated to its large trees and interesting forest type.  I'll leave you with a couple photographs that I stitched together of the previously mentioned Shellbark Hickory and pair of enormous Sweetgums for your enjoyment.  Thanks for reading!

Shellbark Hickory
Sweetgums